What is holy we all sense, even if we do not always man­age to put it into words. No doubt the con­cepts run togeth­er: spir­itu­al, of the soul, tran­scend­ent, holy, sac­ral… Per­haps it is not even worth inter­pret­ing each term ety­mo­lo­gic­ally, as long as we feel what is meant. We can dis­tin­guish three basic steps: we call spir­itu­al those things that lie with­in the reach of mat­ter yet stand closest to its lim­its, sac­ral those that serve con­sec­rated pur­poses, and finally holy those that are wholly bey­ond worldly norms, even when they can be exper­i­enced in the world.

But what is the pro­fane? As we under­stand it, pro­fane is what is worldly, mater­i­al, rel­at­ive in nature, and also com­mon, even irrev­er­ent, coarse, crude or unini­ti­ated. Inter­est­ingly, the pro­fane exists not in itself but in its pos­i­tion rel­at­ive to holi­ness. Fan is all that falls with­in the circle of holi­ness, and pro-fan all that lies out­side this circle, hence not hal­lowed, not reli­gious, and so unini­ti­ated.

The hal­lowed and the not-holy are set against each other, the one meas­ured by the other. Let us ask the ques­tion: can the holy exist without the pro­fane, and could there be a non-holy without holi­ness? Just as hatred is regarded as a state defi­cient in love, would the pro­fane, too, be merely a defi­cient holi­ness? Per­haps it is worth dis­tin­guish­ing the holy from the pro­fane not only by their ori­gin but also by their nature and their aim. What is holy serves the aims of holi­ness, where­as the pro­fane serves those of the not-holy.

And yet, like light and shad­ow, the two phe­nom­ena accom­pany each other. In the golden cul­tures of the archa­ic world view, pro­fane­ness was dwarfed beside the liv­ing pulse of the sac­red holi­ness of the uni­verse. But times change, and although pop­u­lar opin­ion thinks in terms of human­ity's his­tory of devel­op­ment, oth­ers see it as a his­tory of decline. What seems cer­tain is that we have slowly slid from the uni­ver­sal valid­ity of holi­ness into the field of the pro­fane.

In place of the archa­ic paradigm's vis­ion of full­ness there first appeared fig­ur­at­ive speech, myth, which, embed­ded in some story, sought to por­tray the events of the uni­verse and man's call­ing. Myth may not con­vey pre­cise data, but it trans­mits right know­ledge: vir­tue may wrestle with the shad­ow, but in the end it always wins, and man does well to serve the light. In this age there was still hardly any room for the pro­fane, but when the reli­gious world view assumed the dom­in­ant role, the polar­ity of good/evil appeared, and then the dreaded notion of sin and dam­na­tion. True, these still reflec­ted holi­ness, though more threat­en­ingly than encour­agingly.

Then, when the reli­gious world view began to be crowded out by the sci­entif­ic paradigm with its fun­da­ment­al­ism, holi­ness began its slow death. Per­haps that is why Niet­z­sche said that God is dead… – but people for­get to quote the words …and we have killed him.

Yet the world goes on chan­ging, and more and more people feel the absence of holi­ness. It is not the myth­ic­al past or blind bigotry that they miss, but the noble way of see­ing that recog­nises holi­ness. Man, world, God – in every ele­ment of the uni­verse the pres­ence of uni­ver­sal holi­ness ought to be dis­covered.

In the begin­ning man's vis­ion had one pole: only the holy exis­ted. Then, in inner dis­cord, the uni­verse split in two, into holy and pro­fane. It was as if the split wanted to bury holi­ness beneath itself, so that only the pro­fane would remain. But the spir­itu­al turn of the age is revers­ing the trend, and holi­ness seems to be tri­umph­ing once more. The reawaken­ing sac­ral­ity is now doubly so: the uni­verse is holy by its very nature, and even its image mirrored in man's con­scious­ness is enfol­ded in an aura of holi­ness. So in place of the pro­fane, and even in place of holy and pro­fane, there remains: Holy and Holy…